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OONI Analysis of Telegram Blocking in Kenya During the 2023 and 2024 KCSE Exams

Fellow Maria Xynou and Arturo Filastò of the OONI Foundation analyze network-level censorship of Telegram during Kenya's 2023 and 2024 KCSE exams, revealing fragmented enforcement and varied blocking techniques across ISPs. Their findings show that while some networks implemented DNS tampering or TLS interference, others applied IP-level blocking, and not all adhered to the instructed exam-hour timeframes. 

Read more in the OONI Expert Opinion Report.

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